By deploying magnetic separator, we get iron scrap. When magnetized by passing current, it attracts the iron scraps from the heap of scraps and its operator moves the scrap to another place and stops the current supply to drop them. A magnetic separator utilises this property of electromagnets very well. Advantages:Įlectromagnets are very useful where the changing of poles and discontinuation of the magnetic field is necessary. In the permanent magnets, their magnetic field decays due to continuous use and also with time so they need a recharge to get the same constant magnetic field whereas electromagnets do not have such requirements. Though there are several benefits of electromagnets over permanent magnets the main advantage of electromagnets over permanent magnets is that the magnetic field of the electromagnets can be controlled by changing the intensity of the flow of current and their poles can be altered by swapping the terminals of the power source.Īs far as the permanent magnet concerns its magnetic field is constant without the use of source outside whereas in case of electromagnets a continuous and constant current supply is necessary to maintain the constant magnetic field. Permanent magnets are better in some places whereas electromagnets are better in some places. There are both advantages and disadvantages in the use of electromagnets over permanent magnets. Advantages and Disadvantages of Electromagnets Magnetic tapes, hard disks, tape recorders are some examples. Modern-day technologies rely on the use of electromagnets to store data and information. Other devices which using electromagnets are generators, motors, loudspeakers, computer hard disks, spacecraft propulsion systems, MRIs, particle accelerators, cyclotrons, control switches etc. Usage of electromagnets is popular where controllable magnetic flux is required in such a way that it can be varied, reversed or switched on and off. This magnetic separator is used to separate iron scrap from a heap of scrap. By using this property of electromagnets, magnetic separators are made, industrially. Also, the poles of these magnets can change by changing the direction of the current. By stopping the current, the magnetic field becomes zero and the atoms which aligned earlier return to its natural random state.Īdvantage of the electromagnets is that they are not permanent magnets and they can be made stronger by giving more amount of electricity. After reaching the maximum strength, an increase in the electric field does not result in increased magnetism. Now while increasing the amount of current, the magnetic field grows rapidly and reaches to maximum strength. Once arranged in the same direction the magnetic field starts to grow. When current is passed, they start to rearrange themselves in in the direction of the magnetic field generated. Before the passage of current through the iron rod, atoms of the iron rod are randomly packed. The strength of the magnetic field is proportional to the number of turns made around the iron core and how tightly they are wrapped around. A solenoid is the iron rod, which is wrapped up with insulated copper wire. When an electric current passes through it the iron core becomes magnetized. Take some meters of insulated copper wire and wrap it around the iron or steel core. In a simple arrangement, requires an insulated copper wire, iron rod and battery. In 1830, US scientist Joseph Henry made more sophisticated electromagnet and made it popularize. Sturgeon also displayed the power of this electromagnet by lifting other iron scraps. In 1824, the British scientist William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet by using a painted horseshoe-shaped iron piece wrapped around by bare copper wire. In 1820, a Danish scientist Hans Christian Oersted had demonstrated that whenever the current passes through the wire a nearby compass needle deflects. The electromagnetic fields are the combination of two fields, namely, electric fields and magnetic fields. 2 FAQs on What Are Electromagnets History of ElectromagnetsĮlectromagnets work on the principles of electromagnetism and they create electromagnetic fields.
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